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    • CommentAuthorStroth25
    • CommentTimeMar 11th 2008
     
    On Sunday I joined a tour of the Chilworth Conservation Area which is managed by Southampton Science Park. The tour was guided by Allan and Val Welsh who are members of the Chilworth Conservation Committee (a group of enthusiasts from the university and the local community). I presume that these gardens and arboretum, which are well worth a visit, were laid out by the Willis Fleming family after they bought in 1825. Does the WFHT have any plans of the orginal laying out of the gardens and arboretum?
    • CommentAuthorHarry
    • CommentTimeMar 11th 2008 edited
     
    Thank you for the question, and for being the second poster on this forum!

    The simple answer is that, as far as we know, there are no surviving design plans for the garden layout. It seems that the garden developed over many years -- centuries even -- with the formal layout as it is today, dating from the early 20th century.

    Before the Willis Flemings took over Chilworth manor from the Serle family, there was already a substantial garden there -- a local guidebook of 1818 says there was then a large extent of pleasure grounds in which were "beautiful gardens" and shrubberies. We hold an original plan from 1755 (see here), which shows a garden on the site.

    The first mention of a Willis Fleming living there is John Brown Willis Fleming, in 1848. By 1853, the house was leased to the banker George Atherley (1818-1883), and in a letter to Atherley, 11 Feb 1853, JBWF discussed changes to the garden:

    "In the total absence of any estimates it is almost impossible to make any terms for the construction of the wall round the new garden. .... As far as I can now judge I think, if you were to build the wall twelve feet high taking a lease for three years without any additional rent for the land, it would be a very equitable transaction on both sides. ... If you will plant the fruit trees, I shall be happy to take then at a valuation, whenever you may quit, according to the schedule contained in the Printed Agreements now generally adopted on my estates. There are some old fig trees, which unless too old are well worth removing, they are now against the wall in the old kitchen garden. Would you permit me to suggest the propriety of adopting the French method in the pear & apple trees which you may wish to plant in the new garden."

    In 1863, Chilworth House was leased to the Fleming Estate's steward, Richard Pink. The lease document contains a plan that shows the layout of the garden and grounds, as well as the existence of the two 'circular 'beehive' entrance lodges. JBWF returned to live there soon after he remarried in 1868. The WFs stayed there until 1913, and lived there again from 1925-1944.

    The house itself was remodelled and enlarged, piecemeal, between 1890 and 1904. It seems that at this time the gardens and grounds were radically altered -- terraces were formed, garden ornaments were brought from North Stoneham, specimen trees and avenues were planted, including the circular 'deer ring'. See these two photographs from around 1906, which shows the (presumably new) fountain and walk that leads to the woodland area, and pond:




    The Hampshire Gardens Trust have researched the gardens in quite a lot of detail, and have interpreted details using the ordnance survey maps.
    • CommentAuthorHarry
    • CommentTimeMar 12th 2008 edited
     
    This is a detail of the 1755 plan, overlaid with the present Chilworth Conservation Area (in green). The old house is circled in red, and the present site of the two beehive lodges is marked in red.

    • CommentAuthorjohn_f
    • CommentTimeAug 24th 2008 edited
     
    A recent stay at Chilworth sparked an interest in the Gardens - and the Deer Ring in particular.
    As noted by Harry, the Hampshire Gardens Trust produced a survey of the Manor, in which the most exact date for the origin of the Ring is given as 1893. Maps from 1896 and 1910 don't show the feature - it probably hadn't developed sufficiently to warrant recording. The 1906 picture in Harry's posting would tend to confirm this as there's no significant feature at the end of the yew allee.
    A second ring was planted during the 1960s (no exact date appears in the HGT document) although there is no record of it on a 1985 map included in the same document. No reason is given for its planting - perhaps it was intended as a second 'Deer Ring'?

    Searches for Chilworth on the web revealed a link to the weblog of a man called Hugh Macdougall. His 'blog contains a brief anecdote concerning his stay at the Manor in the early 1980s.
    Have a look at:

    hughmacdougall.com/category/where-can-i-go-and-what-can-i-see-in-the-world/

    Scroll down the screen to find the entry entitled 'A Beautiful Cottage'

    Subsequent correspondence with Mr Macdougall has produced a fascinating set of photographs which he took of the gardens during his stay at the Manor.
    I will include these in a subsequent posting
    • CommentAuthorjohn_f
    • CommentTimeAug 27th 2008 edited
     
    As promised, here's a selection of Hugh Macdougall's images showing the Beehive Lodges, lake and boathouse, main building, yew allee and, most intriguing of all, the statues (caryatids) as mentioned in his weblog posting.

    www.ursamajor.org.uk/Chilworth_garden_images/

    He describes finding them in the 'deer ring' - I suspect this ring is the more recent planting (1960s) rather than the older area at the end of the yew allee.

    Here is a recent aerial view of the gardens - you'll see the smaller ring in the upper third of the image - almost directly above the older ring:



    There is no sign of the statues in the older plantation and I have yet to explore the more recent one - hopefully the statues are still visible !
    It would also be interesting to determine the origin of the statues - possibly intended for use at North Stoneham, but never actually incorporated into the building? Or were they taken to Chilworth after the demolition of North Stoneham ?
    • CommentAuthorHarry
    • CommentTimeSep 4th 2008 edited
     
    John, this is really interesting and Hugh Macdougall's wonderful photographs are revealing and rather atmospheric. My instinct is that the caryatid statues did indeed come from North Stoneham. It seems that quite a lot of the other architectural pieces in the gardens at Chilworth, such as many of the urns, have gone missing in recent years?

    We have some aerial photos of the house and garden taken around 1930, which I will post here later.
    • CommentAuthorHarry
    • CommentTimeSep 4th 2008 edited
     
    Slightly off-topic, but the following photo shows "Paul" at Chilworth in 1912. What are the figures doing in the background?

    • CommentAuthorHarry
    • CommentTimeSep 4th 2008 edited
     
    And here is a clear view of the herbaceous border, also in 1912:

    • CommentAuthorjohn_f
    • CommentTimeSep 5th 2008 edited
     
    Having taken a closer look at the figures being upstaged by "Paul", I'm pretty sure the object is a very large roller in the process of being moved.
    It's the type of roller that would have been used on a cricket pitch or bowling green - or possibly a croquet lawn (??)
    "Paul" is obviously trying to emulate the humans by attempting to move the large stone ball...
    • CommentAuthorHarry
    • CommentTimeSep 7th 2008 edited
     
    I think these views date from the 1930s: